In 1991, the republic received a new name - the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). A new period in the history of Yakutia began on September 27, 1990, when the declaration of independence of the republic was adopted. In the 1950s, rich diamond deposits were discovered in the west of Yakutia. During the Second World War, more than 63,000 people were drafted into the Red Army, about 35,000 people were killed or gone missing. In 1939, the population of the region amounted to 413,000 people, 65.5% of the population were the Yakuts, 35.5% - Russians, 3.3% - Evenks and Evens. In the 1930s, exploitation of the Northern Sea Route began, Tiksi seaport was constructed in the mouth of the Lena River. The Soviet period in the history of Yakutia is associated with large-scale industrial development of its natural resources. In 1922, Yakutian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was formed as part of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Almost the same percentage of the regional population were the Yakuts, 9.5% - Russians, 6,5% - Evenks, Evens, Yukaghir, Chukchi, and others. About 84% of the population lived in rural areas. In 1917, the population of Yakutsk oblast was over 264,000 people.
Decembrists as well as the participants of the Polish uprising of 1863 and others were exiled here. In the 19th century, Yakutia became a place of political exile. Almost from the beginning (the 1640s), Yakutia was used by the Russian authorities as a place of exile. In the 18th century, the Christianization of the indigenous population began. It became the Yakutsk province in 1775, and Yakutsk oblast in 1784. But they continued to resist the Russian colonization for a long time or moved to remote areas. In January 1634, a large group of the Yakuts (about 1,000 people) besieged the fort that was defended by about 200 Cossacks, but could not capture it. This date is considered to be the date of Yakutia joining the Russian state. In 1632, Lensky (present Yakutsk) fortified settlement was founded on the right bank of the Lena River. They created a wonderful heroic epic - Olonkho, unique material and spiritual culture. When Yakutia (the region of the Lena River) joined the Russian state, its main indigenous population were the Yakuts, the most northern in the world sedentary herders, who were engaged in breeding of cattle and horses, hunting, fishing, blacksmithing. They became the advanced posts for Russian colonists, who moved to the northeast Asia. The fortified settlements of Lensky (Yakutsk), Zhigansk, Verkhoyansk, Zashiversk, Srednekolymsk were founded. In the first quarter of the 17th century, the Cossacks reached the banks of the Lena River. The Yakuts brought handicraft production (blacksmithing, jewelry, pottery etc.) and construction of permanent dwellings. Livestock development brought major changes in the economic life of the region. The arrival of the ancestors of the Yakuts or Sakha (endonym) forced them to move to the west and east of the Lena. By the 13th century, the Tungusic tribes settled in the Middle Lena, Viluy, Olekma. From the middle of the first millennium AD, the ancestors of the Evens and Evenks began to settle here. A lot of archaeological monuments dated from 300,000 to 10,000 years ago were found. ( Top : The 27.85 ct.According to archaeological studies, ancient people inhabited the Lena River region in the early Paleolithic. The company said in a statement that the stone, which is 22.47mm x 15.69mm x 10.9mm, is of gem-quality and is nearly inclusion-free.Įxperts from the United Selling Organization of Alrosa and the company’s polishing division, Diamonds Alrosa, are currently examining the pink stone to make the decision of whether to auction the stone as a rough gem or cut it into a polished diamond.Īlrosa is the world’s largest producer of uncut diamonds in 2016, it produced 37.4 million cts. If the company decides to cut the mega diamond, it could become the most expensive polished diamond in the history of Alrosa. In the past eight years, Alrosa’s found just three pink diamonds weighing over 2 cts., and the largest pink rough diamond the company had ever unearthed weighed 3.86 cts. are rare in the deposits-they’re recovered only once a year or so. It’s a doozy of a discovery for the company, which is based in the Arkhangelsk region of Russia. in its Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) deposits. Almazy Anabara, a subsidiary of Russian mining company Alrosa, has unearthed a pink rough diamond weighing 27.85 cts.
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